This article is all about setting up a
Private Cloud on your local machine on: ubuntu, docker and VM. But before it is
installed and configured, you should know what the cloud is and why it is
a very important part of IT organizations.
Table of Content
·
Cloud Computing
·
Benefits of Cloud
Computing
·
Types of Cloud
Computing
·
Cloud Computing Deployment Models
·
How cloud computing works
·
Installation of Own cloud in Ubuntu
·
Installation of OwnCloud using Docker
·
Bitnami Owncloud Stack Virtual
Machines
Cloud Computing
Cloud computing is the on-demand
delivery of compute power, database, storage, applications, and other IT
resources via the internet with pay-as-you-go pricing. Whether you are using it
to run applications that share photos to millions of mobile users or to support
business critical operations, a cloud services platform provides rapid access
to flexible and low-cost IT resources.
In other words, cloud computing means,
storing and accessing information and programs over the internet instead of the
hard drive of your computer. You can access as many resources as you need,
almost instantly, and only pay for what you use.
·
Cost
Saving – Pay for what you use.
·
Agile
deployment – Easy and fast access a broad range
technology (database, storage, compute etc.) on as per the requirement.
·
Location
Independent –Deploy your application in multiple
physical locations around the world with just a click.
·
Disaster
Recovery – No environmental disruption, no
natural calamity effect.
·
Elasticity-
Instantly scale up or down the amount of resources that actually need.
Types of Cloud
Computing
There are three main types or models
of cloud computing. Each type of cloud service, and deployment method, provides
you with different levels of control, flexibility, and management.
·
Infrastructure
as a Service (IaaS) -It is
a cloud computing offering in which a vendor provides users access to computing
resources such as servers, storage and networking. Organizations use their
own platforms and applications within a service provider’s infrastructure.
Example:
Linode,
Rackspace, Amazon Web Services (AWS), Cisco Metapod, Microsoft Azure, Google
Compute Engine (GCE)
·
Platform as a service (PaaS)- It is a cloud computing offering that provides users with a
cloud environment in which they can develop manage and deliver
applications. In addition to storage and other computing resources, users are
able to use a suite of prebuilt tools to develop, customize and test their own
application also can providers manage security, operating systems, server
software and backups.
Example: AWS Elastic Beanstalk, Windows
Azure, Force.com, Google App Engine, Apache Stratos.
·
Software as a service (SaaS) -It is a cloud computing offering that provides users
with access to a vendor’s cloud-based software. Users do not install
applications on their local devices. Instead, the applications reside on a
remote cloud network accessed through the web or an API. Through the application,
users can store and analyse data and collaborate on projects.
Example: Google
Apps, Dropbox, Salesforce, Cisco WebEx,
Cloud Computing Deployment Models
·
Cloud
(Public) - A cloud-based application is fully
deployed in the cloud and all parts of the application run in the cloud.
Applications in the cloud have either been created in the cloud or have been
migrated from an existing infrastructure to take advantage of the benefits
of cloud computing.
·
Hybrid-
A hybrid deployment is a way to
connect infrastructure and applications between cloud-based resources and
existing resources that are not located in the cloud. The most common method of
hybrid deployment is between the cloud and existing on-premises infrastructure
to extend, and grow, an organization's infrastructure into the cloud while
connecting cloud resources to internal system.
·
On-premises
(Private) – Private Cloud refers to the cloud solution dedicated for use by a single
organization. The data centre resources may be located on-premise or operated
by a third-party vendor off-site. The computing resources are isolated and
delivered via a secure private network, and not shared with other customers.
How cloud computing works
Cloud computing gives you access to servers,
storage, databases, and a broad set of application services over the Internet.
A cloud services provider owns and maintains the network-connected hardware
required for these application services, while you provision and use what you
need via a web application.
Hope, now you have basic understanding
of cloud computing. Let’s start the installation of Owncloud in multiple ways.
Installation of Own cloud in
Ubuntu
OwnCloud is the market-leading open
source software for cloud-based collaboration platforms. As an alternative to
Dropbox, OneDrive and Google Drive, ownCloud offers real data security and
privacy for you and your data. Store your files in one central location – protected
from unauthorized access. Many features designed for absolute data security
help you to work productively and securely.
Before start the installation, I want
to confirm that you should already have Ubuntu in PC or you can install https://ubuntu.com/download/server
.As I already have Ubuntu 18.04 LTS.
Let’s start the
journey together with below steps:
Install Apache2
OwnCloud requires a webserver to
function. So, we install Apache2 on Ubuntu.
sudo
apt install apache2
sudo sed -i "s/Options Indexes
FollowSymLinks/Options FollowSymLinks/" /etc/apache2/apache2.conf
sudo systemctl restart apache2.service
sudo apt-get install mariadb-server
mariadb-client -y
Install the MariaDB Server
MariaDB is
the database server. It is an enhanced,
drop-in replacement for MySQL. MariaDB is used because it is fast,
scalable and robust, with a rich ecosystem of storage engines, plugins and many
other tools make it very versatile for a wide variety of use cases.
After installation of MariaDB , restart the service and
enable MariaDB service to always start up when the server boots.
sudo systemctl restart mariadb.service
sudo apt-get install software-properties-common -y
Install PHP and its modules
Run the commands to add a third-party repository and upgrade to PHP 7.1
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php
Now, update and
upgrade
sudo apt update
Next , we install PHP7.1
and related modules
sudo apt install php7.1 libapache2-mod-php7.1
php7.1-common php7.1-mbstring php7.1-xmlrpc php7.1-soap php7.1-apcu
php7.1-smbclient php7.1-ldap php7.1-redis php7.1-gd php7.1-xml php7.1-intl
php7.1-json php7.1-imagick php7.1-mysql php7.1-cli php7.1-mcrypt php7.1-ldap
php7.1-zip php7.1-curl -y
After
instalation of PHP 7.1, open FPM PHP default file.
sudo nano
/etc/php/7.1/apache2/php.ini
file_uploads = On
allow_url_fopen = On
Create OwnCloud Database
After insatallation of all the necessary LAMP
packages, we will continue to
configuring the servers.First we create OwnCloud Database.Below are the
steps:
a) Run the mysql commad to logon to
the database server.In next prompt , type the root passoword.
b)
Create a database called Owncloud.
c)
Create a database user
e.g nisha with the new password
e.g 123(you Should put the strong password for security purpose).
d)
Then , we grant the user full access to the database.
e)
Finally save your changes and exit.
Note : In database ,command
should be end by sign ; otherwise you will get error.
sudo mysql -u root -p
CREATE DATABASE owncloud;
CREATE USER 'nisha'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123';
GRANT ALL ON owncloud.* TO 'nisha'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123' WITH
GRANT OPTION;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Download Latest Owncloud Release
Visit https://owncloud.com/download/
for download and extract OwnCloud Files into
the Apache2 root directory .
cd /tmp && wget
https://download.owncloud.org/community/owncloud-10.0.8.zip
unzip owncloud-10.0.8.zip
sudo mv owncloud
/var/www/html/owncloud/
sudo chown -R
www-data:www-data /var/www/html/owncloud/
sudo chmod -R 777 /var/www/html/owncloud/
Then set the correct permissions for OwnCloud to
function , change the ownership and mod e.g
as we grant (Read Write Execute i.e 777) permission.
Configure Apache2
Configure Apahce2 site configuration file for OwnCloud. This file will
control how users access OwnCloud content. Create a new configuration file called owncloud.conf as shown.
sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-available/owncloud.conf
ServerAdmin admin@example.com
DocumentRoot
/var/www/html/owncloud/
ServerName hackingarticles.in
ServerAlias hackingarticles.in
Alias /owncloud
"/var/www/html/owncloud/"
Options +FollowSymlinks
AllowOverride All
Require all granted
Dav off
SetEnv HOME
/var/www/html/owncloud
SetEnv HTTP_HOME
/var/www/html/owncloud
ErrorLog
${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
CustomLog
${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
Then copy and paste the content below into the file and save it. Replace
the highlighted in yellow lines with your own domain name and directory root
location and then save the file.
Enable the OwnCloud and Rewrite
Module
After configuring the VirtualHost above, enable it by running the
commands below and at last restart the Apache2 service.
sudo a2ensite owncloud.conf
sudo a2enmod rewrite
sudo a2enmod headers
sudo a2enmod env
sudo a2enmod dir
sudo a2enmod mime
sudo service apache2 restart
Open the browser and put localhost(local IP ) e.g http://localhost /owncloud
You’ll be prompted to create admin account and password. Connect to the
database using the information you created and then click on finish setup.
Put the admin
Credentials and continue.
Happy to
see the final Picture of OwnCloud, now you can upload and store your data
safely on Owncloud.
Docker is a tool designed to make it easier to create, deploy,
and run applications by using containers. Containers allow a developer to
package up an application with all of the parts it needs, such as libraries and
other dependencies, and ship it all out as one package.
Let’s
start the installation with the below steps :
Install Docker
To
install docker, simply open the terminal of Linux and type the following
command:
apt install docker.io
Once the docker is up and running, you can run
or pull any image in your docker.As per the requirement we are going to search
owncloud image. When you run the following command, it will first check your
local repository; if the image is not available there then it will pull it from
docker hub.
docker search owncloud
Once you
find your image, you can pull it into your container and download the Owncloud
image.
docker
pull owncloud
The
docker attaches command permits you to attach to a running container using the
container ID or name you can use one instance of shell only though attach
command or you can directly run container with container id. ownCloud is accessible via port 8080 on the host machine. But if you
crave to open new terminal with new instance of container’s shell, we just need
run docker exec.
docker run -d -p 8080:80 owncloud
To
log in to the ownCloud UI, open http://localhost:8080 in your browser of
choice, where you see the standard ownCloud login screen, as in the image
below.
Finally
welcome to your OWNCLOUD platform to perform your services (upload, safety
storage of data etc.)
Bitnami
Owncloud Stack Virtual Machines
Bitnami Virtual Machines contain a
minimal Linux operating system with ownCloud installed and configured. Using
the Bitnami Virtual Machine image requires hypervisor software such as VMware
Player or VirtualBox. Both of these hypervisors are available free of charge.
You can download from here
Login with default credential
Username: bitnami
Password: bitnami
It very simple, only just navigate to the web
browser and explore VM IP as shown below.
